Breast Cancer Research in the Nurses’ Health Studies: Exposures Across the Life Course.

Auteur(s) :
Willett WC., Tamimi RM., Eliassen AH., Hankinson SE., Rice MS., Lenart EB.
Date :
Sep, 2016
Source(s) :
American journal of public health. #106:9 p1592-8
Adresse :
Megan S. Rice is with the Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. A. Heather Eliassen and Rulla M. Tamimi are with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston. Elizabeth B. Lenart and Walter C. Willett are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. [email protected]

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OBJECTIVES
To review the contribution of the Nurses' Heath Study (NHS) and the NHS II in identifying risk and protective factors for breast cancer incidence and survival.

METHODS
We conducted a narrative review of NHS and NHS II articles on breast cancer incidence and survival published from 1976 to 2016, with a focus on exogenous and endogenous hormones; lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity, and aspirin use; intermediate markers of risk; and genetic factors.

RESULTS
With the investigation of individual risk factors, as well as their incorporation into risk prediction models, the NHS has contributed to the identification of ways in which women may reduce breast cancer risk, including limiting alcohol consumption, reducing the duration of postmenopausal estrogen-plus-progestin use, avoiding weight gain, and increasing vegetable consumption. In addition, the NHS has helped elucidate the roles of several biomarkers and contributed to the identification of risk alleles.

CONCLUSIONS
The NHS has contributed to our understanding of lifestyle, hormonal, and genetic risk factors for breast cancer, highlighting the importance of exposures across the life course, and has helped identify lifestyle changes that may reduce risk and improve survival after a diagnosis of breast cancer.

Source : Pubmed
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